Pollution

I Y Ikhsani1,*, B Kumayanjati2 , E N Dida3 , and S Y Cahyarini4 1 Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih 1 Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Pusat Riset Teknologi dan Proses Pangan, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih 1 Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia 3 Biro Organisasi dan Sumber Daya Manusia, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih 1 Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia 4 Pusat Riset Iklim dan Atmosfir, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih 1 Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia *Email: idha001@brin.go.id

Irma Kesaulya1* , Delta R. Rumohoira1, A. Saravanakumar 2 1Marine Science Department, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Pattimura University Kampus Poka Jl. Martha Alfons-Poka 97233. Ambon-Maluku, Indonesia 2 Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Annamalai University Parangipettai - 608 502, Cuddalore Dt., Tamilnadu, India *Email: irkesaulya@gmail.com

Sem Likumahua Technical Implementation Unit for Marine Life Conservation Research Center for Oceanography-Indonesian Institute of Sciences Jln. Y. Syaranamual, Guru-Guru Poka, Ambon 97233, Indonesia E-mail: sem.liku@yahoo.co.id Received: December 2012 Accepted: February 2013

Sem Likumahuaa,b,⁎ , M. Karin de Boera,c , Bernd Krockd , Salomy Hehakayab , La Imub , Annegret Müllerd , Thomas Maxd , Anita G.J. Bumaa a Department of Ocean Ecosystems, Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands b Centre for Deep Sea Research-LIPI, Jl. Y. Syaranamual Guru-guru Poka, 97233 Ambon, Indonesia. c Beta Science Shop, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 6, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands d Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany

Sem Likumahua a,b,* , Francesca Sangiorgi c , M. Karin de Boer a,d , Willem M. Tatipatta b , Daniel D. Pelasula b , Dominggus Polnaya b , Jance Hehuwat b , Donna M. Siahaya e , Anita G. J. Buma a a Department of Ocean Ecosystems, Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands b Centre for Deep Sea Research-LIPI, Jl. Y. Syaranamual Guru-guru Poka, Ambon, Indonesia c Department of Earth Sciences, Marine Palynology and Paleoceanography, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584CB Utrecht, the Netherlands d Beta Science Shop, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 6, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands e Environmental Agency of North Halmahera District, Jl. Kawasan pemerintahan, Tobelo-Halmahera Utara 97762, Indonesia